© 2002 by Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
The influence of delays when averaging slow and fast oscillating systems: overview
1 Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
This paper presents an overview of results in averaging theory. First, averaging for ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is presented. These results are then applied to fast oscillating differential equations to show how zero average perturbations can affect stability properties. Next, averaging for functional differential equations (FDEs) is presented. A comparison of classical averaged models and more recently developed averaged models for FDEs is given. Then the FDE averaging results are applied to fast oscillating delay differential equations. It is explained that fast oscillating FDEs are often sensitive to extremely small delays. Several examples are presented in this paper to help give an overview of results.
Keywords: averaging; delay; stability.