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IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information Advance Access originally published online on November 29, 2005
IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information 2006 23(2):149-163; doi:10.1093/imamci/dni050
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© The author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications. All rights reserved.

Statistical approach to the code acquisition problem in direct-sequence spread-spectrum communication systems

Nobuoki Eshima1,** and Tohru Kohda2

1 Department of Statistics, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan, 2 Department of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan

** Email: eshima{at}med.oita-u.ac.jp

In direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DS/SS) communication, users' original signals are modulated into higher frequencies with the users' codes. DS/SS communication has the attractive property that multiple users' signals can be simultaneously transmitted; however, communication cannot be performed without synchronization of users' spread-spectrum (SS) signal. Synchronization is typically performed in two steps, i.e. code acquisition and tracking. This paper gives a statistical solution to the question as to how code acquisition can be performed effectively and precisely. First, properties of matched-filter outputs of SS signal are discussed. Second, a theoretical method of code acquisition is proposed according to statistical decision theory. The method uses all matched-filter outputs for code acquisition. Third, matched-filter outputs are dichotomized with a threshold value and the dichotomous outputs are used for code acquisition. A simple and effective method for code acquisition is proposed. Numerical simulations are also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, a further discussion and conclusion to this study are provided.

Keywords: code acquisition; DS/SS communication; estimation of propagation delay; statistical decision theory; a posteriori probability of correct code acquisition.

Received on 8 September 2004.


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